Damascus knives

Definition: the use of Uz ingot manufacturing, the surface has a pattern of casting-type knives, one edge of the world's three major Detailed Description: To see the beautiful drawings in a special pattern that it? That is the unique pattern of Damascus steel Pattern Damascus steel is the name of Europeans, The same as Arabic numerals, their origin is India. In the Middle Ages, India produced a Uz ingot is to produce top steel swords, The annual Arab businessmen to India must import large quantities of steel ingot for weapons manufacture. Such steel in the casting surface into a sword when there will be a special kind of pattern --- Mohammed pattern, Therefore, it is a pattern in steel casting-type pattern steel, formed from folded forged steel welding type pattern. Because the pattern can form a knife edge at the micro serrated (the naked eye can not distinguish), makes more sharp swords. Damascus steel on the magic of the pattern is artificially cut and polish the natural beauty. By moving its own legends and outstanding performance, made from Damascus steel knives, to become the best tool collections sector. In recent years some companies have used tin plating process to imitate the pattern of Damascus steel True Damascus steel, also known as the crystallization pattern of steel. Is an ancient technique of powder metallurgy and forging the perfect combination of Damascus steel on the nature of the pattern is basically two different materials. Bright place is pure snow-ming charcoal iron hardness greater than glass. Dark places of the structure is austenitic plei iron and iron. About the overall content of carbon is between 1.5 ~ 2.0%. In high toughness plei Galtieri evenly spread than glass also hard charcoal iron out the snow. Damascus steel can make a very sharp blade. But also very tenacious and will not break the blade. Damascus steel steel folding pattern and has significant differences. Damascus steel pattern looks more natural rather meticulous black-and-white contrast is also relatively large. In ancient times as a result has the edge on the situation喂毒. A lot of Damascus steel blade has a black phenomenon. Where they are needed most in the black sparkling snow spread out charcoal iron. The ancient Persians to describe it as imaging the night sky, like stars in the beautiful patterns. In addition Damascus folded steel to steel than it is not easy to rust. Down for hundreds of years as Japan did not need to worry about maintenance of the same knife can be bright but not as good as new rust. In fact, the impact of modern manufacturing processes, the Uz ingot production process has been lost, Damascus steel pattern now is a product of modern technology, It should be said that the real has lost a Damascus knife Uz to the forging of steel from the smelting temperature requirements are very harsh, Smelting at a temperature not higher than 1000 degrees, forging must be low-temperature (that is, China's so-called "cold forging"). Plasticity of steel under high temperature is better, the production of swords in general are at a high temperature molding will beat swords. However, if the high temperature Uz steel forging, carbon will be a substantial loss of carbon crystal will be destroyed, Forge should not, therefore, when the temperature is too high (naturally should not be too low), it is difficult to grasp, The necessary skills, experience, labor can be more than any other iron and steel, much lower yield. Uz steel production techniques circulation only in India, Persia and Arab. Europeans as early as the Viking Age through the "road to Greece瓦兰吉亚" import Uz steel, But they are generally formed steel bars, for ingot processed into how Europeans do not understand Article knife. The sixteenth century the Portuguese had been looting a fully loaded Uzi Merchant Ingot India, the Portuguese still know all about the goods, These precious pimple shipped back to Europe for sale, mostly sold to Lisbon and Madrid, senior knife. These knife steel ingot manufacturing these fine knives and other objects, Found no pattern of finished (carbon crystals that have been completely destroyed), mediocre performance, Clearly the Europeans with their own traditional forging process.
Enclosure(chinese translation)
定义：使用乌兹钢锭制造，表面拥有铸造型花纹的刀具，世界三大名刃之一 详细说明： 看到附图里那美丽特别的花纹了吗？ 那就是大马士革钢特有的花纹 大马士革花纹钢刀是欧洲人的叫法， 就像阿拉伯数字一样，它们的原产地都是印度。 在中世纪，印度出产的一种乌兹钢锭，是制作刀剑的顶级用钢， 每年阿拉伯商人都要向印度进口大量的钢锭用于武器制造。 这种钢在铸造成刀剑时表面会有一种特殊的花纹———穆罕默德纹， 所以它是属于花纹钢中的铸造型花纹钢，区别于折叠锻打形成的焊接型花纹钢。 因为花纹能够使刀刃在微观上形成锯齿(肉眼无法分辨)，使得刀剑更加锋利。 大马士革钢刀上的魔性的花纹简直是人工雕琢的自然之美。 因动人的传说和自身的优异性能，大马士革钢制成的刀具，成为刀具收藏界的极品。 近年来有一些公司采用镀锡工艺模仿大马士革钢的花纹 真正的大马士革钢又称为结晶花纹钢.是一种古代粉末冶金和锻造技术完美的结合 大马士革钢刀上的花纹基本上是两种性质不同的材料. 亮的地方是纯的雪明炭铁硬度比玻璃还大.暗的地方的结构是属於沃斯田铁和波来铁. 整体含炭量大约是在1.5~2.0 ％ 之间. 在韧性高的波来铁里均匀散布着比玻璃还硬的雪明炭铁. 使得大马士革钢刀上可以具有非常锋利的刀锋.而且也非常坚韧而不会折断的刀身. 大马士革钢的花纹和摺叠钢有明显的差别. 大马士革钢花纹比较细致看起来比较自然黑白的对比也比较大. 在古代由於有在刃上喂毒的情形.很多大马士革钢的刀刃呈现黑色的现象. 在黑色的刀刃上分布着亮晶晶的雪明炭铁. 古代波斯人把它形容成像夜空中的繁星一样漂亮的花纹. 此外大马士革钢比起摺叠钢来是很不容易生锈. 几百年下来没有像日本刀一样的费心保养却也能光亮如新不生锈. 其实在现代制造工艺的冲击下，乌兹钢锭的制作工艺已经失传， 现在的大马士革花纹钢是现代工艺的产物， 应该说，真正的大马士革刀已经失传了 乌兹钢从冶炼到锻造对温度的要求都很苛刻， 冶炼时温度不得高于一千度，锻造时必须低温（即中国的所谓“冷锻”）。 钢铁在高温下可塑性较好，一般制作刀剑都在高温下将刀剑敲打成型。 但乌兹钢如果高温锻造，碳会大量流失，碳结晶也会被破坏， 因此锻打时温度不能太高（自然也不能太低），很难掌握， 所需的技术，经验，劳力能比其他钢铁要多，成品率却低得多。 乌兹钢刀的制作技术只流转于印度，波斯和阿拉伯。 欧洲人早在维京时代就通过“瓦兰吉亚到希腊之路”进口乌兹钢， 但都是大体成型的钢条，对于钢锭如何加工成刀条欧洲人并不了解。 十六世纪葡萄牙人曾劫掠过一艘满载乌兹钢锭的印度商船，葡萄牙人还算识货， 把这些宝贝疙瘩运回欧洲出售，大多卖给了里斯本和马德里的高级刀工。 这些刀工用这些钢锭制造精致的匕首等物， 发现成品没有花纹（说明碳晶体已完全破坏），性能也平平， 显然欧洲人用的是自己的传统锻造工艺。